Part I – Pre-prohibition
This is part one (of five) in a series of the Beer Wars in America (primarily 1970-1990) and some before and after history. There are much better beer historians than me who would be far more accurate. At the end of each piece, I am going to include how the period in question effected a local brewery to me, Falls City. It adds a bit of individuality to a big picture story. And now let us begin.
In the beginning of America there was beer, and it was good, but it wasn’t really an industry so I am going to ignore it. The Mayflower had beer, Washington and Franklin brewed beer, some breweries existed on the Eastern Seaboard. But the exciting stuff happened with a combination of the industrial revolution and the German invas…ummm, immigration wave in the 19th century. This was followed by the commercial use of refrigeration and an industry was born.
Below is a not-so-random selection of mostly-German, mostly Midwest, breweries that were founded in the mid 19th century and would continue to play a major part in our story in the late 20th century. This list is by no means complete, but it gives you a flavor of the Germanic character of the industry in these days.
Yuengling, 1829, Pottsville
Falstaff, 1838, St Louis
Ballantine, 1840, Newark
Schaefer, 1842, New York
Pabst 1844, Milwaukee
Schlitz 1849, Milwaukee
Stroh 1850, Detroit
Blatz, 1851, Milwaukee
Anheuser-Busch, 1852, St Louis
Christian Moerlein, 1853, Cincinnati
Leibmann, 1854, Brooklyn
Hudepohl, 1855, Cincinnati
Miller, 1855, Milwaukee
Jacob Schmidt, 1855, St Paul
Heileman, 1858, La Crosse
Christian Schmidt, 1860, Philadelphia
Hamm, 1865, St Paul
Coors, 1873, Golden
Sterling, 1880, Evansville
Pfeiffer, 1882, Detroit
Anchor, 1896, San Francisco
The Seibel Institute in Chicago taught brewing in German up until World War I. The Brewmaster’s meetings at Budweiser were held in German up until about the 1960s. The inability to speak German limited a brewer’s advancement in the company in the first half of the 20th century.
Prior to this time, American breweries were based in the English tradition and were primarily Ales. Lager became King with the German influence. In 1873 there were 4,131 breweries in America, a number that would not be topped until late 2015. In the 60 years from 1865 to 1915, the amount of beer produced and the per capita drinking increased dramatically (from 3 to 18 gallons per capita per annum). However, the number of breweries decreased as industrialization and refrigeration allowed for larger breweries. See the chart below:
1865-1915
| Year | National Production (millions of barrels) | Number of Breweries | Average Brewery Size (barrels) |
| 1865 | 3.7 | 2,252 | 1,643 |
| 1870 | 6.6 | 3,286 | 2,009 |
| 1875 | 9.5 | 2,783 | 3,414 |
| 1880 | 13.3 | 2,741 | 4,852 |
| 1885 | 19.2 | 2,230 | 8,610 |
| 1890 | 27.6 | 2,156 | 12,801 |
| 1895 | 33.6 | 1,771 | 18,972 |
| 1900 | 39.5 | 1,816 | 21,751 |
| 1905 | 49.5 | 1,847 | 26,800 |
| 1910 | 59.6 | 1,568 | 38,010 |
| 1915 | 59.8 | 1,345 | 44,461 |
Source: United States Brewers Association, 1979 Brewers Almanac, Washington DC: 12-13.
Of course, by the next line in the chart, the number was zero. At least legally. But that is a story for another post.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Central Consumers Company, an alliance of Louisville breweries, had many of the taverns in Louisville under contract as “tied houses.” Basically, they had a monopoly and a contract to prevent the taverns from buying elsewhere. Some independent taverns and grocery stores refused to sign on and instead created a cooperative brewery in 1905 – Falls City. In 1911, Central Consumers tried to buy out Falls City, but the owners chose not to sell. Falls City would continue to grow and succeed until a horrible shadow fell over the country with the 18th Amendment.
But there is a point to this part of the story – even in the face of monopoly, there isn’t a need for the government to fix the problem. The plucky upstarts were able to succeed without subsidy and without selling out. It’s a libertarian success story … for now.
God Bless Jimmy Carter,
Late!
Even the World’s Greatest Monster can get something right.
We’ll since he told us to get used to being a second rate power, he figured we’d need some decent beer to help us cope with the New Normal.
A Stroh keg in a metal garbage can full of ice, with clear plastic cups.
/memories of childhood picnics
Fire brewed!
Basically how they sold it at the original Durham Bulls field in the early 90’s. For $1. It was so hot there in the summer, you could drink a dozen of them without having to pee – it all conveniently exited through your pores.
I’ve only been to the new stadium and in May, but it still got hot.
My weakness are the Carolina red dogs.
I assume the weakness is located in your bowels?
Hah! Surprisingly, those haven’t affected me like that.
I remember the local beer distributor putting on some shindig in the Holiday Inn parking lot in ’84 or ’85 in my hometown for a bunch of the liquor store owners. One of the highlights was a car that looked like a can of Stroh’s.
At the time, Stroh’s was a new brand up in the boonies where I lived, so the people driving it weren’t laughed at before the locals threw stones at them to make them leave.
Stroh’s Ice Cream > Stroh’s beer. If they’d only focused on the right part of their business, they could have saved the company and handed Ben and Jerry their hippy asses.
“Coors, 1873, Golden”
If ever you find yourself in Golden, stop by either the Capitol Grill or the Table Mountain Inn and gitcherself a Barmen. According to the propaganda, it’s the original recipe brought over by Adolph Coors and you can only get it in Golden since they refuse to preserve it for shipping. That may all be bullshit, but all I know is that it tastes good.
I was in Golden, CO in 1990 – at least back then it looked like a “Company Town”.
It’s slowly been taken over by hippies pushed out of Boulder and Cali refugees. Still has a bit of the Company Town flavor though since Coors is still churning out the beer.
Well, I’ll be in Denver next week for the GABF, I believe we’re planning on hitting up Weldworks, Oskar Blues, and a couple others on our off days. Now the real question, who here is willing to put up one of their local breweries that’s going to be there as a must visit for me? Unfortunately, they aren’t releasing the beer list until next week.
Go to Golden and tour Coors just to say you did, but then go to Golden City (motto: the second largest brewery in Golden!) for the true good stuff. It’s a total dump based out of a ramshackle shed in someone’s backyard, but great beer. Went there after class many a time.
I’m not that interested in brewery tours, I’ve been on a couple, and there’s very little that is usually shocking or new. It also usually isn’t fair to the other people on a tour for me to geek out about the QA lab, when they have no idea about what I’m talking about. Some of the breweries are now doing a “self-guided” tour, which just means all of their equipment is behind glass walls, and there’s signs up explaining which step it is. If the brewery has one of those, I may meander along while enjoying a pint.
It is “self-guided”. Basically if you go in there and ask for the “short tour” they’ll send you straight to the tasting room.
how about Pikes Peak Brewing? this was good,
https://photos.app.goo.gl/uJM5JCwy4FzADPEH9
You can walk to that place from my house. Not real convenient to Denver though (~60 miles away).
If you’re willing enough, you could probably walk to any american brewery from your house
Fuck that I’m walking here:
http://www.cervezapatagonia.com/index_eng.php
Buenos Aires? That ain’t Patagonia – but props for clever marketing.
May not be super convenient to Denver, but Lefthand in Longmont is pretty awesome.
I’ve had several of their beers, and met some of their employees. I’m specifically looking for people’s local favorites from the list I linked. It’s for the GABF, there are over 750 breweries there, and any information to help me winnow the list down to a more manageable number of breweries to try in one day would be appreciated. Hell, there’s two from the Cleveland area that are going that have almost no distribution footprint and are under 18 months old.
Ah, reading comprehension fail, on my part. In that case, I’ll make the argument for Orpheus Brewing and Monday Night Brewing from the Atlanta. They both make good ipa and dipa if that’s your thing. Both also have other interesting selections if not. Moon River Brewing from Savannah (not really local) is decent. I try to buy some if we happen to be out when down that way.
No worries, I figured as much. I was trying to stamp out the recommendation for Denver breweries when there are so many others I’ll need to try. Orpheus, Monday Night, and Moon River have been added to my list (it helps that I’ve had nothing from any of those three before).
One easy one to knock off your list is Denver Brewing Company. It’s walking distance to the Convention Center.
Great Divide is also close.
I’ve never had a bad beer from Funky Buddha in the Fort Lauderdale suburb of Oakland Park.
Cool bit of trivia – I used to know a guy from Pottsville, who went to school with Mr. Yuengling’s son. He said the son was kind of cool, but the old man was “crotchety”.
So, a Glib?
Might have been ‘Crochettey’
I thought he only had daughters?
In the 1800s Romania traders coming back from Lipsca told tales of the heretic foreigners drinking a bitter concoction tasting like lye
Also what about Steam beer
That’s Anchor, out of San Francisco
Any other Steam beers won’t be labeled as such (at least in the US), as Anchor (now owned by Sapporo) owns the trademark on Steam beer. That’s why the style is also called a California Common.
I was going to link a Kentucky Common recipe onto this article but didn’t dig it up in time…still havent, in fact.
It was like 80% of the beer sold in Louisville in the 1910s. Basically a dark cream ale.
I tried some of those when I was down there, it was a fairly solid style in the heat. I weep for all of the lost styles that have gone extinct, since a lot of brewers kept their recipes secret. If there’s one thing the American Beer industry is doing right, it’s bringing back some of these styles from the brink of extinction (such as the gose).
About the only thing I remember about Golden is playing lacrosse against the School of Mines. You could look up from the field and see a bunch of hang gliders, ‘way the fuck up there, circling like buzzards on the up drafts.
You look like a lacrosse player.
Some guy died doing just that a couple of months ago.
Wow, lacrosse is dangerous!
It was practice for war.
He meant watching hang-gliders. If you look up too hard, you can break your own neck.
Actually I was talking about having sex with buzzards.
They have a pecker of a completely different kind, and they know how to use it.
I like beer
That is all
I have found one beer I found drinkable, and they won’t make any more. It was a Troeg’s scratch Lingonberry Gose.
I have also learned that I don’t like the taste of hops.
Try Fraoch Heather Ale
I have found that I prefer a nice smooth brown ale or dark lager. IPA’s rarely appeal to me.
How about a Pale Ale? not the Hoppy India stuff, quite refreshing
Sure, I’ll have one.
They cycle through the Scratch series, and the more popular ones get brewed again and again. Usually the next step is limited keg release, then limited bottle release, then if it’s popular enough, it becomes a seasonal (see Troeg’s Naked Elf). And if you’re interested, I can recommend many other beers that would be similar to that scratch one.
I’ll listen to recommendations. I just know that the basic macrobrews don’t suit me, and the aforementioned dislike of the taste of hops.
Have you tried a saison? Or a biere de garde? They’re not hoppy, and the hops they do use are usually the so-called “noble” hops which don’t have the typical American hop flavor.
I have never even heard of those terms (related to beer). So the odds are, no, I have not tried them. Do you have a brand recommendation that would be reasy to find?
Unfortunately, no. They’re seasonal, typically, so I either make my own or see them locally on draft. But I know Devil’s Backbone out of VA makes at least one, and it’s something of a trendy style the way IPAs were several years ago so if you poke around local breweries and microbrews you’ll turn some up. Saison DuPont is the most famous incarnation of the style, and I believe that’s a Belgian import.
Basically, a saison is a lighter-colored ale, usually a little sour, with anywhere from a very subtle hop bitterness to no hopping whatsoever. A biere de garde is a little darker, heading towards amber, but similar in character. Both tend to be highly carbonated and hover around 6% – 8% ABV, with some on the much lower side and a few on the higher side.
Oh, almost forgot. “Farmhouse ales” are usually more or less the same thing by a different name. It’ll be the same idea: light-bodied, fizzy ale, a little boozy, often a touch fruity/spicy like a Belgian, not hoppy.
Ommegang Hennepin is available all the time.
Look for any of the Anderson Valley goses (Briney Melon and Framboise Rose would be my picks for your favorites), the Boulevard Radlers (the lemon ginger would be my pick here), or (if you want to risk a bit) the Ommegang Hennepin (saison style, lightly hopped). You could also try some of the traditional Belgian sours, but those get pricey quick. Words to look for on labels to try other ones are: Gose, Radler, or Berliner-Weisse. All of those styles are lightly hopped, and generally fruited. If you would to branch out, try kolsches, saison (avoid dry hopped ones), or hefeweizen. All of those are going to be more in line with traditional beers, but use a light hand on the hops.
Thank you.
Not a problem at all. Some people follow all the players on their favorite sports teams, others keep track of everything going on with their favorite celebrity, I follow beer.
I just passed thru Salt Lake (twice) and on the way out picked up a can of Wasatch’s Apricot Hefeweizen, as I’m not normally a fan of Hefe’s. On the way back I picked up a six pack. With a slice of orange – deeeeeeelicious.
That is a very nice hefe.
While on vacation last week I discovered Keweena Brewing Company. They have a very nice hefe.
ARRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
Yeah, used every ounce of strength in my body to push down the rage when I read that.
Scurvy dogs.
Dogfish Head 120 Minute IPA is execrable.
Frambozen or Krieke may appeal.
Tried any of the wheat beers? Blue Moon and Shock top are two macro-brewer versions. There’s a lot of good imports, Weihenstephaner Hefe Weissbier and Hoegaarden being my two favorites. Heffeweisen, Wit, Weissbier, etc., are all have un-tasteable (traditionally anyway) level of hops.
No I have not.
When in doubt, assume I haven’t. My relationship with beer has been “I’ve disliked every pervious one I’ve tried, why should I buy another?” It was happenstance that the Lingonberry Gose was one of the beers served as samples on the Troegs tour when I was there. If not for that I’d still be convinced there was no such thing as a drinkable beer. (due to the previous history)
*I took the tour because I find the processes fascinating. I’d figured I’d phlegmatically deal with the samples as they came along.
The taste and mouthfeel of beer ranges so vastly there is almost certainly something out there you could find that you liked.
Try a wheat beer. They are almost all very mild, flavor-wise. You have to have a very refined palette to pick out any hops in the majority of them. And if you don’t like it, don’t assume there isn’t one out there that you do like. Some will have hints of *cloves, some will have hints of *banana, and others will have a little of both or little to none of either.
*No, it isn’t actually clove or banana, it’s the reaction of the yeast to the fermentation temperatures. If you happen to get into wheats, it’s fun trying different ones and picking out the different levels of clove or banana in them.
One exception to that would be American Wheat beers, which are usually hopped from moderate to heavy levels and will have little to no banana/clove flavors. Examples would be Southern Tier Hop Sun, Bells Oberon, Revolution Sun Crusher, and Three Floyd’s Gumballhead.
If I could cast a genocide spell and eliminate one type of beer from existence, it would be American Wheat.
Now I want to try an Oberon, just to see how much I hate it. I haven’t ever had an American Wheat, but I’m going to assume I’m with Rob on this one.
If you love the flavor that the traditional yeast strains give to hefeweizens, then you will hate American Wheats.
Widmer uses a fuckin’ koelsch yeast. That has to be maximum possible error. The last thing you want is a clean flavored yeast.
MikeS: Oberon is the least hopped of the ones I mentioned, while the Sun Crusher is probably the most highly hopped of the bunch. Oberon is a seasonal in all of the areas Bell’s distributes with the exception of Florida, where it’s offered year round. If you really want, I can probably find you a small package of it.
Fun fact: The bottle opener on my key chain is an Oberon opener.
Rob: I do indeed. Hefe’s are my favorite variety for that very reason. I like that you need to slightly agitate the bottle before drinking the good ones. I’m sure that’s a major turn-off for some people. Ha-ha
Nephi: The other three don’t sound familiar, but we get Bells (one or two of them anyway) at my local beer store. I’ve seen Oberon there before (I think) but never bought it. In hind-site, probably because I read the bottle and they were bragging about it being hopped? Anyway…when is it in-season? I guess summer is usually when the wheats seem to come out? I should try it..in the name of science and everything.
MikeS: Oberon just ended its season. The Bell’s site shows it from late March until late August. But you can probably find it on the shelves still, and still in decent shape.
For the other breweries, Southern Tier is part of a partnership with Victory (out of Philadelphia), with locations in Lakewood, NY; Pittsburgh, PA; and Cleveland, OH (just opened on the 4th, so there’s now 2 breweries in Cleveland I haven’t been to). Revolution is out of Chicago, and Three Floyds out of Munster, IN. Three Floyds probably has the smallest distribution footprint out of the four, but I believe they just started work (or just completed work) on a newer production facility.
It makes me a jolly good fellow!
That’s my mother f’n theme song!
The image reminds me of being a beer can collector starting in 5th grade. I ended up having an entire wall of my bedroom covered with nearly a thousand different cans of beer. I had a Blatz necked can just like that one, except mine had the bottom rusted out. I found it in an abandoned trash dump, along with one of the earliest aluminum cans ever made (Falstaff).
Beer can collecting was the rage starting in about 1975. I had one of the biggest in town, because I was related to a lot people who were wiling to try every kind of beer possible, and would bring me home their ‘dead indians’.
You sound like my son, hello, hello, it that you? He would stop in antique stores to buy old cans at very high prices. Had the bedroom wall thing, I made him 1 X 4 shelves. I think he gave his collection away to a friend that was happily married.
Yep, my pals and I all had collections. Trying to collect all the Schmidt outdoor scenes was a mission we undertook with great seriousness. I even made my dad and relatives open them on the bottom with a churchkey to preserve the top.
Then threw them all away when we got old enough to care more about the inside of the can!
I believe I had all of the Schmidt scenes, collected over three separate summer trips to Minnesoda.
I had like more than 20 versions of Olympia, because they went whole hog on on the transition from steel to aluminum and the elimination of pop tops, so I had ‘strong’ and unmarked versions of all the different ways to open a can.
The elimination of pop tops will actually be covered in a later part of the series.
This is the pride of my meager Schmidt Beer collection
That’s familiar. Back in the day we were visiting in MN, went to Liquor Lyle’s or some place in that area, my son picked out the beer for me, based on the cans he wanted. We had a gallon can of something that we had to open from the bottom
+1 Billy Carter: “I had this beer brewed up just for me. I think it’s the best I ever tasted. And I’ve tasted a lot. I think you’ll like it, too.”
Billy Beer will also be covered in a later part of the series. Falls City has had an interesting history.
This is interesting, THEY ARE HERE!
https://gizmodo.com/this-is-how-it-starts-fbi-suspiciously-locks-down-eva-1829012554?rev=1536790874207&utm_medium=socialflow&utm_source=gizmodo_facebook&utm_campaign=socialflow_gizmodo_facebook
I’d bet money the observatory accidentally intercepted a government signal. The FBI was sent in to determine the breach and scrub and data that may have been intercepted (Hillary’s emails).
The “tied house” phenomenon existed (and still does) in the UK. Years ago I worked at an Irish bar (owned by an actual Irishman) who was absolutely furious about a Fado (a chain of Irish pubs) opening up in town because of their relationship with Guinness, which somehow skirts the tied house laws in the US. There’s also a local (now regional) bar and restaurant called Ram’s Head Tavern which used to brew its own beer on site. Some years ago, they decided to expand, and created the Fordham Brewing Company (now the Fordham Dominion Brewing Company) in Delaware which, if I understand it correctly, is technically not the same company and therefore doesn’t run afoul of tied house laws. Mind you, every Ram’s Head stocks nearly every Fordham brand on draft, but I assume there’s enough separation between the two that it doesn’t count.
One of the only things I remember about my paternal grandfather was the cases of Blatz that he always kept stacked in the stairwell that went to the side door and basement. It’s still my go-to when I want to make a joke referencing a low-brow American working-man’s beer.
One of my friends died from alcohol related problems. Claimed to be a connoisseur of beer, always drank canned Blatz’s, (a lot).
The name “Blatz” makes me giggle inside.
Sounds like what happens in the bathroom after you drink 12 of them followed up by a Taco Bell run.
Didn’t Laverne and Shirley work at Blatz’s in Milwaukee? Changed the name for TV but filmed at the brewery….
August Schell Brewing Company, 1860, New Ulm.
And they still operate independently, IIRC…? And make some damn good beer.
They made Buck beer, which my father declared the worst beer ever made. The five of the six pack of cans were extremely valuable to me because I traded them for all sorts of old and obscure cans, because nobody had ever seen it before.
My Grandfather used to drink Hauensteins, brewed by New Ulm Brewing in Sleepy Eye.
He drank it from the returnable bottles, which we joked there were only three cases. The one he had, the one he returned, and the one they were busy filling up for him.
Your father clearly never had Dixie White Moose.
Neither have I, but from reading descriptions, i think it wins the title.
I almost put them on the list.
I didn’t and it isn’t because I got into an online flame war with a member of the Schell family. He was an ass.
In Ulm und um Ulm und um Ulm herum
Looking forward to this series.
I worked at CBA / Widmer Bros / Kona / Red Hook / Whatevertheciderwas / Omission. I learned a ton during that period including some of this history. I don’t have much to add on this one other than it is interesting looking at the chart the growth and then consolidation as certain breweries grew in popularity.
After episode one, I am already pretty certain this is my favorite Glib series to date. I can’t wait for the next 4!
Five parter? I can’t believe this wasn’t sold as a six pack. Rip off!
Good point! I want a refund!
And the deposit!
After I submitted, I realized there will be a part 6.
Crisis averted!
One of CNN’s current top stories? Democrats send information on Kavanaugh to FBI! NO, they won’t say what the information is.
There certainly better be some meat to it, or that’s going to be the newest low point in judicial nominations.
“There are exactly 57 allegations that were submitted to the FBI!”
That had better be Sen. Iselin!
[goes off to Youtube to check]
:woohoo:
Of course the FBI is now a dem-operative organization, so why not?
These people are truly despicable. This supposedly revolves around an incident between Kavanaugh and a girl in HIGH SCHOOL!!! HIGH SCHOOL!!!
Feinstein is refusing to share the document in question. But we need to review all the documents before we can vote. What are we to do!
If that’s true, I’m not surprised. The eGop blessed the use of this strategy with Moore. I expect to see it deployed repeatedly wherever possible.
There was under the bra touching.
So the girl was in high school, but how old was Kavanaugh?
He was in high school. This is teenager on teenager shenanigans. 35 years ago.
So you say NOW. All we know is that it involved a high school, potentially underage girl. We’ll just wait for the details of the FBI report before we say anything else.
/democrats
Time to deem him confirmed.
September 24th can’t get here quick enough.
CONFIRM
It’s interesting. I kind of wonder if there were many breweries in the South prior to prohibition, or did the Baptists and our hillybilly penchant for corn squeezins simply not leave much room for beer?
Prior to refrigeration, it was all ales all the time, and mostly from the mid-Atlantic on up, just because ale yeasts will ferment at warmer temps and because ales are a typically English style, and so English settlers brought it with them where they wound up in the US. Lagers didn’t really pop up in volume until you started to get the heavy wave of Continental immigration to the US in the mid-19th century, and part of that was where they settled: colder regions with long winters, or areas with accessible caves for storage, both of which allowed for the “lagering” of beer at cool enough temperatures.
Huh. My maternal side are primarily Germans that settled in the foothills of NC (allegedly the terrain is much like the Black Forest parts of Germany). But the temperature thing makes sense.
I think it more had to do with where german immigrants settled.
OT: Got my Ruger LCR 38 with Crimson Trace grips. Going to have some fun this weekend in between rain spells.
fun!
my dad’s LCR had a silky trigger.
LCR in .327 is my daily carry piece. I love it.
“I have, however, referred the matter to federal investigative authorities,” she added.
Oh, goody.
Do those morons think there aren’t any #METOO skeletons in the closets of the people on their list of potential SCOTUS appointees?
Eventually, we’ll be down to three or four justices, because no
suitableconfirmable replacements can be found.OT; scope was clean, good for another 10 years (or by then I’ll be old enough to not bother).
Wife took me, and on the way home pulled thru the donut drive-up window so I could have a coffee and donut. I married well. It will be her turn tomorrow.
Congrats on your healthy colon!
Christ, what an asshole!
That, I saw it!
The procedure is a piece of cake… The literal shit-storm coming up to it sure does suck, though.
The couple that has things shoved up their asses together, stays together; I always say.
OT Bezos commits $2 billion to help homeless, pre-schools
Oh, something tells me the progressives are going to be looking this gift horse in the mouth.
I guess I should get to work on part 2.
preview: It is post-prohibition thru about 1970.
AKA: The Dark Ages
Mass produced and bland, an obvious market failure, corrected only when the federal govt loosened the regulation of brewing.
How did we get out of that mess? If Vox were to tackle the subject we would probably be astounded that there was a federal program for spurring brewing innovation.
A Slight Case of Murder
Sounds pretty good. How many stars you give it?
Sens traded Karlsson to San Jose:
Dieter Kurtenbach
Verified account @dkurtenbach
Chris Tierney being the centerpiece of a trade for THE BEST DEFENSEMAN IN THE NHL is so patently absurd that the correct response is to shut down the Senators.
The party of science.
https://blogstupidgirl.wordpress.com/2018/09/13/13394/
Get ready for Trump to be impeached.
https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/washington-secrets/blue-tsunami-4-separate-forecasts-give-house-to-democrats
We’ll see how accurate any of these polls turn out to be, however.
At least the Pubs will keep the Senate (most likely) so we’ll see that sweet, sweet gridlock. Also, they’ll still be able to confirm judges.
Four separate “expert predictions” all from the “University of Virginia’s Center for Politics”. Well, I don’t know how anyone could question the accuracy of that.
The picture of Pelosi in that article is more cringe-worthy than most.
she’s a desiccated husk at this point.
Government is still screwing up breweries these days. I know, I know, you’re all shocked as I am.
Couple guys were wanting to build a micro-brew in my town recently. Council started piling on stupid requirements.
Rather than be jerked around, they did what any smart entrepreneur would do. They found a town that was interested in welcoming a micro-brew, not shadow operating a micro-brew.
Need to make better pal with my backyard neighbor. He does a brew day every couple months. I’ve brewed a few batches and they have turned out ok, but man it seems to take me a lot of time.